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World War II is considered one of the biggest and deadliest conflicts in the history of mankind. The war involved many countries and fought on the battlefield in Europe, North Africa, Asia and the Pacific. Broadly speaking the war was divided into two blocks, the Allied bloc (Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and the United States) against the strength of the Axis bloc (Germany, Italy, and Japan). Background of World War II The seeds of World War II are derived from a lame resolution post-World War I. The Peace Conference and the Versailles Agreement that ended World War I produced huge profits for the winner (the Allies), while the losing party (the central axis) received unfair treatment. Germany became the most disadvantaged country due to the Versailles Treaty. In particular, political and economic instability in Germany due to the Treaty of Versailles pushed Adolf Hitler and his Socialist National Party (Nazis) to power in Germany. After becoming Chancellor of Germany in 1933, Hitl...

The Ancient Persian Empire was the first superpower empire centered on the land of Iran. The first Persian Empire was founded by Cyrus the Great around 550 BC and became one of the greatest empires in history. The Kingdom of Cyrus stretches from the European Balkan Peninsula in the West to the Indus Valley of India in the East. This dynasty, sometimes referred to as the Achaemenid Empire, was the center of world cultural, religious, scientific, artistic and technological civilization for more than 200 years before it fell to Alexander the Great. Cyrus the Great: Founder of the Persian Empire Cyrus II was one of the greatest kings of ancient centuries. Although he is the grandson of the famous King Mendes, Astyages, the king actually wanted to kill his grandson. The plot of the murder was planned when Cyrus was born. But he survived after the shepherd who was assigned to kill him actually saved him. He grew up in a shepherd family, before finally at the age of 10 he returned to his orig...

The Great Wall of China is a series of ancient walls and fortresses located in northern China. This wall has a length of 21,196.18 kilometers. The Great Wall of China is China's best-known symbol and has a long history. Initially the wall was built by Emperor Qin Shi Huang in the third century BC. as a means to prevent attacks from the Xiongnu and other nomadic tribes. For more than 2,000 years the construction of the wall was continued by the Chinese authorities. The most famous and preserved part of the Great Wall was built in the 14th to 17th centuries, during the Ming dynasty. Although the Great Wall has never effectively prevented the invaders from entering China, it serves as a tangible symbol of Chinese civilization that has existed for a long time. Qin Shi Huang and the Beginning of the Construction of the Great Wall of China The construction of the Great Wall of China can be traced to the 3rd century BC, but many fortifications including the inside of the wall have been bu...

The Chinese Revolution of 1911 was a revolution that succeeded in overthrowing the last imperial dynasty of China (Qing Dynasty) and establishing the Republic of China (ROC). This revolution also started a series of revolutions that occurred in China during the 20th century. Background of the Chinese Revolution The modern period of China opened with the first defeat of the West in the First Opium War in 1842. Since then the Qing palace ruled by ethnic Manchus has struggled to withstand foreign interference to China. However, efforts to adjust and reform traditional methods of governance are limited by a very conservative court culture that does not want to give too much authority to reform. After the defeat of the Second Opium War in 1860, Qing tried to modernize by adopting certain Western technologies through the Self-Strengthening Movement from 1861. In the war against Taiping (1851-64), Nian (1851-68), Yunnan Muslims (1856-68) ) and the West Sea (1862-1777), traditional imperial fo...

The 13th century became a golden period for the Mongols. The nation which previously was not taken into account quickly transformed into an expansive empire that was able to conquer the surrounding territories. Not only the Middle East and Central Asia were targeted, but other Asian regions did not escape the Mongol invasion. After successfully conquering China and Korea, Japan became the target of an invasion of the Mongols. Twice attempts were made, but due to the misfortune and will of nature, Kublai Khan failed to conquer Japan. Background of the Mongol Invasion into Japan After Genghis Khan's rule ended, the Mongols continued to expand their influence. In 1230, the Mongols succeeded in conquering northern China. A year ago they had crossed the Yalu River to expand their territory to the Korean Peninsula. The King of Korea (Koryo) is forced to be loyal to the Mongols, in return he can still rule as a vassal. In 1259 Khubilai Khan, Genghis Khan's grandson, ascended the Mongo...

Ancient Indian Civilization is a civilization located along the Indus River. Where is centered in the City of Mohenjodaro and Harappa. Ancient Indian civilization is estimated to have existed around 2500 BC. At that time the City of Mohenjodaro and Harappa were neatly arranged. The inhabitants of this civilization are the Dravidians. The Dravidian possessed the characteristics of a short body, pug nose, black curly hair and black skin. Where the Dravidian people have built sewers equipped with sanitation channels. Reported by Encyclopaedia Britannica (2015), Indian civilization is also called the Indus valley civilization or Harappan civilization. The civilization is estimated to have existed around 2500-1700 BC. The Indus civilization is known to consist of two major cities, Mohenjodaro and Harappa, and more than 100 villages. The two cities were originally each about 1 mile or 1.6 square kilometers. City planning In the book of Ancient India (2008) by Maryani, at that time the City o...

For all internet surfers, who doesn't know Google? if there is possible just focus on opening a particular website and not trying to find information from various web. Google is the most famous search engine on the internet besides other search engines like altavista.com, yahoo, etc. The word Google appears due to typos in the domain registration that was originally the word Googol coined by Milton Sirotta, a US Mathematics expert in mentioning the number 1 with 100 digits 0 (zero) behind it or it could be with the term 10 rank 100 which is intended to show that in Google has a lot of information that is almost "innumerable". Google was also born from a unique story of an accidental meeting between two people who were interested in the IT world. the two people are Larry Page Alumnus Univ. Michigan is 24 years old and Sergey Brain is 23 years old. they were still Masters students at Stanford University. The two met on a trip to enjoy a weekend vacation, at which time Serge...

A black man looked in pain when his body was crushed by the police. The man named George Floyd tried to catch his breath but the more he resisted, the greater the pressure felt. Shortly after being rescued, George just breathed his last. The BBC reports his life was helpless even though he was rushed to hospital. Public outrage culminated in this incident. Minneapolis is again witnessing how racism continues to undermine America. Demonstrations over the death of George Floyd could not be dammed, the crowd huddled in front of the White House and began locking up government offices, where President Trump led his country. They demand justice for Floyd's death. This case is not as simple as another murder case. Insulated Floyd's breath is a vivid portrait of how the black race stood in the shadow of fear. Keisha N. Blain, an associate professor of history at the University of Pittsburgh wrote in the Washington Post that the violence against Floyd was only two months after the death...

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) is a format that is often used in the web world and in the world of digital imagery. This GIF allows users to create simple animations that will make repeated movements so that it looks unique. GIF which is now widely spread on various websites and applications shows short animations that make repetitive movements. But initially, GIF is a way to display photos. The history of GIF began when Steve Wilhite started working on GIF in early 1986. At that time, he was a programmer for Compuserve - an online service that allows users to access chat rooms, forums and information such as stock prices. Sandy Trevor, Wilhite's supervisor at Compuserve, told WIRED that he wanted to solve two problems. First Compuserve requires a graphic format that works on all computers. At that time the PC market was divided into several companies including Apple, Atari, Commodore, IBM and Tandy, each of which had its own way of displaying graphics. Compuserve had used other...

Who does not know or at least has heard of beautiful Japanese ladies wrapped in this kimono. The existence of Japanese Geisha is identical with 'entertainers' and some even assume that they are some kind of commercial sex workers. Japanese geisha in their own country is something taboo to talk about, even though everyone in the world knows about GEISHA's existence. Why taboo? Because understanding Geisha likes to be misunderstood by some people. That, yes it was, Japanese Geisha is always with a negative connotation. But clearly, Geisha is interesting to discuss. Behind the graceful movements, indeed stored side of the mystery that invites a desire to be explored, both the side of the story of its existence and matters relating to the charm of sensuality. History of Japanese Geisha The history of geisha starts from the beginning of the Tokugawa government, where Japan entered a period of peace and was not so preoccupied with the problems of war. Indeed, Geisha was identical...

Slavery in America began when African slaves were first brought to the North American colony in Jamestown, Virginia, in 1619, to assist in the production of profitable plants such as tobacco. Slavery was practiced throughout the American colonies in the 17th and 18th centuries, and African-American slaves helped to build the economic foundations of the new nation. The discovery of gin (cotton seed separator) cotton in 1793 established the importance of the center of slavery for the Southern economy. In the mid-19th century, America's westward expansion, together with the abolition of the growing right in the North, sparked a huge debate over slavery that would trigger the American Civil War (1861-1865). Although the Union's victory liberated 4 million nations from slavery, the legacy of slavery continued to influence American history, from the tumultuous years of Reconstruction (1865-1877) with the civil rights movement that emerged in 1960, a century after emancipation. Backgr...

The Vietnam War was a long-term conflict between the North Vietnamese communist government and South Vietnam and its main ally, the United States. The conflict escalated because it coincided with the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. More than 3 million people (including more than 58,000 Americans) died in the Vietnam War, and more than half the victims were Vietnamese civilians. Background of the Vietnam War Vietnam, a country in Southeast Asia at the eastern end of the Indochina peninsula. This region has been under French colonial rule since the 19th century. During World War II, Japanese troops invaded Vietnam. To fight the Japanese invaders and the French colonial government, Ho Chi Minh's political leaders - inspired by Chinese and Soviet communism - formed the Viet Minh (League for Vietnamese Independence). After the defeat in World War II, Japan withdrew its troops from Vietnam. This withdrawal caused the French-educated Emperor Bao Dai to rise to the...